Critically discuss the extent to which an organisations structure not Essay

Critically discuss the extent to which an brass instruments complex body part not only shapes its culture, provided too its qualification to transform itself - Essay ExampleNotwithstanding the fact that the influence of schemeal structure on culture and fault has been overlooked in many studies and practical management of businesses, there exists a rather grievous interconnectedness between these aspects of an organisation (Strandgaard & Sorensen, 1990). However, it may be quite a difficult task to distinguish an organisations structure and culture since structure always operates within business culture, implying culture and structure atomic number 18 quite intertwined. Therefore, this paper explores the assertion that the structure of an organisation not only influences its culture but also its ability to incorporate and manage changes.While culture refers to the umbrella issues and manner/patterns in which an organisation operates, structure refers to the infrastructures, methods, and practices therein. The structure of an organisation thus helps ensure that its culture is practised and run efficiently and consistently. Given this important social occasion of structure in shaping an organisations culture and ensuring cultural consistency and efficacy, establishing close structures should be the hallmark of every organisation (Newman, 1996). Structure therefore not only influences and shapes organisational culture but it is also an integral part of the culture. The culture of an organisation is also a responsibility of its structure, which relates and deals directly with the settings of an organisations culture (Strandgaard & Sorensen, 1990). For instance, cultural issues in an organisation such as the workings of the management, employees responsibilities and the handling of disputes and complaints atomic number 18 all directly tied to its structures and how they work.The main way in which structure affects organisational culture is through the ro le of structure in interconnecting the different groups/teams in an organisation hence enabling them to work smoothly to fool

Paper that explains the communication aspects, personality & Research

That explains the communication aspects, reputation & leading styles used in management - Research Paper grammatical caseThe aim of this paper is to explain the main management and leadership styles that advise be utilized in by managers in their efforts to deliver effective management. The paper explains how managers can bridge the gap between speed management and front line workers by enhancing communication. It also shows how managers should work towards the attainment of big five personality dimensions and other critical leadership skills. Management styles There are four main management styles that can be applied by managers depending on the specific environments. These are the autocrat, benevolent autocrat, participatory populist and informatory democrat. An autocrat type of manager is one that manages by telling others what to do and how to do it. This type of a manager has minimum confidence on their subordinates and most often, they do not trust them. This type of lea dership is not the best for an industrial or a business environment because it results to ill treatment of workers. Workers testament be treatment as automations instead of human beings with natural limitations. As the organization expands, the freedom of workers to make water decision without approval reduces and so does shared ideas. The utmost result of this management style is high turn-over rank (Montana and Bruce, 2008). A benevolent autocrat type of manager pictures themselves as a father figure whose fibre is to make important decisions then they look for ways to convince their subordinates to join them in following them. Sometimes, these managers tolerate subordinates to make minor decisions within the limits hey set for them. In this type of management, rewards and punishments are used to motivate employees From its name, a consultative democrat is a type of manager who consults with their subordinates. Montana and Bruce (2008) explains that these types of managers stool trust and confidence in their employees and this drives them to consult with them. Before making decisions, such managers always get the views of the employees on it. However, they are the ones with a final say when it comes making the actual decision. Slightly different from a consultative democrat, a participatory democrat is a type of manager who allows employees to have an active role in decision-making. They share with them the decision-making process because they have full trust and confidence in them. Whenever there is an issue or a decision to be made, the manager invites all the stakeholders so that they can discuss. The final decision represents the views of the majority. Leadership styles in management The main role of a leader is to ensure the accomplishment of a common task by enlist aid and support from others. This is a process of social influence. The most common leadership styles are authoritative, democratic, mad and coaching. In authoritative leadership sty le, there total centralization of decision-making powers. Authoritative leaders do not welcome initiatives or suggestions from their subordinates and because of this, decision-making is quick and unilateral. However, it gives managers a very string motivation while demoralizing their subordinates. In democratic or participative type of leadership, group decision-making is favored. This is seen where such leaders consult with the group before liberal instructions. This means their decisional are not unilateral. Through this, such leaders motivate their groups effectively and positively

Power Structure, Family Dynamics, and Cultural Assimilation Essay

Power Structure, Family Dynamics, and Cultural immersion - Essay ExampleWhile this dynamic structure could hamper them as a family unit, it is tempered sort of by a family support network. A closer examination of the text will reveal how these elements flexible joint upon each other.An important factor in the family dynamic of the Garca is the power structure, which is usually manipulated through distance or an intermediary source. This initially arises from their cultural background in the Domini substructure Republic and from the fact that their family is connected to the Torre bloodline. The Garcas atomic number 18 an upper-class family on the Island they be accustomed to having servants and their remaining family t present still do. The servants frequently serve as semi-authority figures to the children, as illustrated on the first page by the description When their squabbles reach a certain mother-annoying level, they atomic number 18 called away by their nursemaids (p. 3) . This power through distance is illustrated in the government as well, as in the case of the secret police coming to interrogate Carlos (Papi) Garca. Carloss response is the classic response to the power-distance, for, being the weaker view of the power balance, he escapes authority by being absent (i.e. hiding). This passive aggressive defense fanny be used as an attack, as when the three older sisters show their disapproval of Sofas boyfriend by returning home from a group outing before the couple could get to the rendezvous. This scene exhibits a delicate balance of both sides of the power-distance equation the parents maintained control of their children distantly by having them as a group, while the sisters returning without the youngest made her absence all the more obvious and assured swift punishment. The children here are forced to act as intermediary authorities for each other, yet the three oldest sisters break up that, for their sisters best interest, were staging a c oup we are blowing the lovers cover. (p. 127). This power structure is again exhibited in Sofas trade union to Otto, for she distances herself physically and emotionally from her fathers authority. He, in turn, responds by becoming emotionally absent from her life. The birth of Sofas children, especially the intelligence named after Carlos, serve as the intermediary catalyst for their relationship to begin healing. Lastly, chronologically speaking, Yolanda uses these lessons of distance to turn in and reassume control of her life by returning to the friar preacher Republic. She will follow the examples of her family and her heritage to escape the alternating(prenominal) patterns of her American life and return to her roots. The Garca family structure provides a vital element of support for its members, yet this alike(p) structure reveals the evolution of gender roles. This evolution is rooted in the traditional gender roles in the Dominican Republic, as revealed through Manuels efforts to limit what Sofa reads. This assumption of male dominance and female submissive domesticity are reinforced by Ta Flors argument that she herself is a queen, for My husband has to go to work everyday. I can sleep until noon Im going to protest for my rights (p.121) It is this tradition that demands that Papi provide the principal financial support and then be the nominal head of the

Immigration law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Immigration legality - Essay ExampleAlso, they helped provide information in regard to the socio-economic rights of establishment as interpreted by the UK courts. Question A. Over the years, conflicts of all dimensions have plagued several countries across the world persecution, violence, and war have been taking places in some parts of the world on account of political opinion, religion, race, and nationality among others accounts. As a result, citizens of the impact countries often tend to run away from their countries and seek refuge in conflicting countries that they deem to be safe and where their humanity rights will not be violated nor their lives threatened. This reality has prompted international organizations like the joined Nations, regional integrations like the European Union, and nations have to establish conventions, treaties, statutory instruments, and domestic legislation relating to refugees and asylum seeking.1 An asylum seeker has been defined as a mortal who has flied from their country of origin and has applied for shelterion in a foreign country as a refugee.2 Such a person claims to be a refugee but those claims are yet to be validated by relevant national, regional, or international authorities. So, the rendering of the term asylum- seeker is hinged on the definition of the term refugee. ... eligion.3 However, until such claims by such a person is evaluated and validated by relevant authorities in the country he or she is seeking asylum, the person will be considered as an asylum seeker. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 is one of the main international and European treaties or agreements that relates to refugees and asylum seekers. The Convention aims at protecting fundamental freedoms and upholding human rights in Europe. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is established under the Convention, its main purpose being to protect individuals regardless of their nationality from violations of their human rights. In dividuals who feel that their human rights have been violated by a member submit under the Convention are free to initiate legal proceedings against a member landed estate in that court.4 However, many people and institutions agree that Article 3 of the Convention does not dictate a minimum standard of social support for those in need or even an automatic upbeat obligation towards asylum seekers. It is no doubt that the asylum seekers are in dire need of social support actually, the very sense of asylum seeking. Social support to asylum seekers is important in reservation them feel that they are cared for and have a sense of belonging even in a foreign country. Social support resources to asylum seekers include but not limited to the following companionship so as to create a sense of belonging emotional support informational support in price of advice regarding live in those particular countries, as well as financial support to ensure that they derriere attain the basic level of sustenance.5 Article 3 of the Convention is very common and tends to cover the general aspects of asylum seekers. As such, the minimum standard of social

The challenges and opportunities of BMW Assignment

The challenges and opportunities of BMW - Assignment ExampleAfter conducting a thorough review of the literature it has been schematic that in order to offer high speed, sporty and designer cars to customers the company is neglecting the EU emission norms. in that location has been several news of the company taking political support to escape penalties and norms immorally. However, strict legal fabric is compelling them towards thinking about other opportunities. In this backdrop a qualitative research has been conducted to see about customers perception and procureing interest after knowing about the challenge. Primary data has been hoard through a questionnaire survey among a sample size of 20 respondents. It was found that though customers chasten size, style, brand name and colour first, when it comes to buying a car but they would not prefer to buy a vehicle which does not meet legal emission standards. Table of Contents Executive sum-up 2 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 B ackground 4 1.2 Research Problem 4 1.3 Research Objectives 4 1.4 Research Questions 5 SECTION 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

Roles of Industrial Engineers and Supply Chain Managers of Hospitals Essay

Roles of Industrial Engineers and Supply Chain Managers of Hospitals - Essay ExampleThis intent is as well as performed by hospital cater managers. The supply managers also have a particularly probative role in the purchasing of the hospital inventories and manage the inventory of the hospitals.Supply managers are of immense assistant to hospitals since they can be able to minimize running costs of the hospitals. They also are able to break out the hospitals noteworthy inventory focus. They help in the stocking of hospitals and all the machinery that is subprogramd in therein. They also help in supply of the medicines, the food that the patients use in hospitals, and all the equipment and materials that are used in hospitals. In short, the supply manager is responsible for all the running operations in the hospital.Purpose statement (Thesis)Industrial engineering science deals with optimization of the most complex processes and systems in the world today. This industrial eng ineering is concerned with the job of development, improvement, and implementation. It is also associated with the evaluation of the integrated systems of people, knowledge, the information, the equipment, the energy, the materials, the analysis and synthesis. The concept of industrial engineering overlaps different business oriented departments ilk the operation management in hospitals the industrial engineering department takes the emphasis of the mathematical proficiency and the use of the quantitative methods in order to ascertain that the running of operations is done in a goodly manner (Schlick, 2009). Many hospitals are able to maintain the inventories of thousands of their supplies which range from bandages, syringes, drugs, surgical equipment, medical examination gadgets, and all forms of medical facilities and equipment. It is crucial when a hospital is well stocked because from this, noteworthy function are offered to customers, and when this is done, patients become agreeable with the services offered. In average, a hospital will require seven thousand stock belongings units in the in-house inventory every day. The supply costs run up to more than forty percentage of the costs that are used to run the hospitals. The supplies expense becomes second after the labor expense in the operation of the hospitals. Industrial engineering is also known as systems engineering or operations management or even manufacturing engineering. These terms are used depending on the motives of the people who use the services of these engineers. In the health care department, industrial engineers are commonly referred to as health management engineers or health systems engineers. On the other hand, the supply chain management is just known by the name of the supplies that they add to the table. For a hospital to be able to run efficiently and at a remarkably small-scale cost, the hospital management has to look for methods to improve the services of the hospital . Moreover, the hospital management needs to try to remark the costs of offering these services at a remarkably low cost. The hospital management employs the services of the health care systems engineers or the industrial engine

ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ENGINEERING AND aspect - Assignment ExampleAfter the antennas have been excited by these currents, they start radiating piano tuner waves. Transmitters be additionally utilized for the purposes of broadcasting and are vital equipments of communication that utilizes radio technologies (Rider, 2008). This includes equipment like cell phones, Bluetooth on with computer networks that utilize wireless technology. Transmitters are usually limited to use in equipments that are apply for generating radio waves for the purpose of enabling communication (Uhrig, 2006). There are mainly three types of transmitters which are the beltpack, plug-in and take hold transmitters. The design of beltpack transmitters shows that they should be placed on the users body and is normally used with the facilitate of a microphone situated outside the electronic device. They provide a lot of power to the electronic devices using batteries located on their inside (Brunetti, 2009). The plug-in type of tr ansmitter on the other hand is make so that it can be inserted into standard dynamic microphones through their connectors. The plug-in transmitters are commonly utilized by television crews that are carrying out activities in the field. Lastly, the handheld transmitters combine microphone elements along with transmitters that have been make into one assembly line. The transmitters are commonly used in devices that will be utilized by vocalists or speakers who prefer holding onto a microphone as they communicate (Poole, 2011). Question Two What be Oscillator Circuits And Which Oscillator Have Been Used In The Transmitter? Oscillator circuits are electronic circuits that usually produce repetitive electronic signals which are referred to as sine or square waves. The types of signals that are generated using these oscillator circuits are broadcasted using radio along with television transmitters. The main trait of an oscillator is the frequency of its output signal (Elliot, 2011). In verters are good examples of oscillators that are utilized for the purpose producing elevated powered alternate currents (AC) output from direct current (DC) supplies. There are various types of oscillators that have been utilized in transmitters which are namely the tuned-plate, tuned-grid, Hartley, colpitts, negative transconductance and electron-coupled oscillators (Rider, 2008). The oscillator used in the transmitter is the tuned-plate one and has been preferred because it has the ability of being directly earthed without having the need of directly using a block off capacitor. It has also been used because in helps in maintaining the amplitudes of the oscillations over a certain tunable range (Elliot, 2011). Through its mechanisms of absurd coupling along with maintaining very low values for its mutual inductance it is able to maintain stability in the frequencies that are being transmitted (Uhrig, 2006). Question Three What Are Filter Circuits And What Are The Purposes Of development It In The Receiver? Filter circuits are circuits that have been designed for the purpose of performing the task of selecting and filtering a single or a frequency particular range from a mix of frequencies that may be found within a particular circuit (Brunetti, 2009). They are normally used in high performance receivers in case a series of frequencies require amplification or suppression for take of quality sound or improving the efficiency of power. They are also used for the purpose of instruct voltage waveforms that are non-sinusoidal in various power circuits located in the receivers (Rider, 2008). Due to the sensitivity of an electronic device to harmonics, there is a great need to condition the power entering the device to tally

Gerontology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gerontology - line Paper ExampleThe sociological elements encompass issues such as individual traffic with certain cultures, guidelines as well as aspects that bring or make the civilization appear in order. gibe to scholars in biological and related fields, aging process begins, immediately an individual starts to live with the maturation of certain structures that do not appear before a person is born. During the aging progression, the bodies and mind commences developments until they reach a layover that they are being considered mature (Hogstel, 2001). In the early years of growth and development of human beings, divers(a) factors mint the levels of development with regards to the bodily and mental developments. The factors that influence the way people develop both mentally and psychically include genetics, and other individual attributes, family backgrounds and other related factors. Correspondingly, the progression through with(predicate) the other levels of developmen t such as adulthood gain much influences from individual health, mindsets and behaviors concerning various aspects of existence. Therefore, aging give the gatenot be taken as a straightforward process restricted to bodily wellness and loss of healthiness. Aging can be considered an intricate procedure that is attributed to many factors including the individual and social elements. Over the years, the matter of aging has original much attention as evident with the augmenting edification of health and social workers concerning matters of aging. Similarly, research has been performed concerning the aging gathering thus presenting basis for understanding and dealing with matters associated with aging (Hogstel, 2001). The research conducted concerning aging assists health workers, and related professionals to struggle or take care of individuals at the grey age, and offering solutions to various problems that arise with old age. Recently, geriatric nursing has markedly acquired th e needed thrust in the nursing discipline with the numerous cases of aging groups match with extensive research. In doing this, numerous challenges exhibited within the gerontology field can be effectively managed through acquisition of necessary information concerning this population (Hogstel, 2001). Nevertheless, the nursing sector had experienced problems in handling this office of the populace since little information and facilities to offer the services and trainings are available. In relation to nursing conjugated with gerontology, various terms are exploited interchangeably in order to bring out the relations between the two concepts. According to nursing geriatric nursing is considered, a concept that concerns treatment old persons experiencing health problems. Geriatric nursing can also be attributed to the investigation of illnesses and other health problems that affect the old age, as well as, their subsequent analysis and treatment. In geriatric nursing, considerable emphasis is utilise in the significance of social and psychological factors during the treatment of people experiencing various problems in their old age. According to geriatrics, the lifestyles exhibited by individuals at their old ages profoundly affects their health status implying that enhanced and monitored lifestyles can serve, as tools, to soothe certain health problems (Hogstel, 2001). In contrast, gerontological

Marketing research goals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing research goals - Essay ExampleApart from this merchandise research also is important for an organization as it gives them directions for future planning. Its like if trade is an engine that drives a demesnes economy than trade research is the process that keeps the engine tuned. Marketing Researchs wide range of uses do-nothing poster the importance of it. For example it helps in making new and improved products and enables an organization to have a to a greater extent convenient delivery of products and services.Well marketing research results tush be both correct and incorrect, very(prenominal) is for the viewpoints of the senior management. The major reason for following either one of the options, which is following the marketing research cultivation or the viewpoints of senior management, depends on how much a soul knows about the marketing research. If a person is sure that there has been no mis plays or errors throughout the marketing research then he can be sure of following the conclusions based on the marketing research only if its not prerequisite that the results come out to be positive. Its vice versa if u follow the viewpoints of the senior management.Rather than offering the like marketing mix to different customers, organizations plan out market partation. Market segmentation helps firms to tailor marketing mix for specific target markets, hence better satisfying customer needs. Not all elements of the marketing mix are changed from one segment to another. For example in some cases only the promotional campaigns would change.A niche is a further division of a segment. Thus, the difference between a segment and a niche is that between segments substitution is negligible, while a large part of the customers in a segment will allow substitution between niche products. Niche products are aimed at a little group of consumers within a segment, for whom specific product properties are obligatory, while the same properties were o nly fix properties in the broader market segment.We can have a market segment of one individual but in business markets not in consumer markets. there is a major reason for it. The reason is that in business markets an organization can have only one consumer. This is due to the high priced machinery transactions that take place in the business markets. Apart from that, organizations do want many customers to cater to but they can have a single customer as well and can be specialized manufacturing business for a single buyer as they are still making profits in doing so.Ans.3There are basically devil types of sellers in any international market. These two types rely on the two basic terms that a buyer uses to distinguish the products. These two factors are price and feel. Some seller might be giving a good price but not good quality and vice versa. Sellers can be buyers there is no doubt about it. There is no country that is completely self sufficient in producing every single goo d or commodity that is requisite by the people living in it, hence keeping this fact in the mind a seller can be a buyer is proved easily.The challenges in regard

Is online education a valuable innovation that improves opportunities Essay

Is online education a valuable innovation that improves opportunities for bookman or is it a poor subsititude for traditional, - Essay ExampleTechnology is here to stay and everyone in an industrialized society needs to learn how to make the best use of it. This writing argues that online classes have numerous advantages over traditional classroom skill such as the following the internet offers profuseer feedback, flexibility, and the opportunity to learn at ones own pase. The case for online learning Online learning can be defined as a form of distributive learning enabled by the Internet. (Volery and schoolmaster 2000, p. 217). The term distributive learning in turn implies two essential ingredients first, a heavy assurance on technology, and second, self-learning. (Volery and Lord 2000, p. 217). It is important to remember that both sides of this equation ar equally important the technology must be there, and able to provide the learning opportunities, and the pupil must besides be actively suck upd and able to adopt a utmost level of self-management and motivation in order to engage in self-learning. A very strong advantage of the internet over other delivery messages is that it is exceedingly fast. A student can access almost limitless amounts of information through a a few(prenominal) clicks of the mouse or taps on the keyboard. Questions can be entered, and responses appear instantly. There is regular(a) the authority to access quizzes and tests, complete them, and submit them for analysis. Feedback, often with grading and tips for improvement is built in and can be received also in an extremely fast turnaround. Human teachers just simply cannot deliver this high speed response because they have to deal with every students work consequentially and they are subject to the limitations of needing to eat, sleep and have a private life as well as being professional teachers. The internet is always available, and except in rare cases of techn ical failure, always reliably fast in its response. From a teacher perspective, online learning also provides economies of time usage. Instead of delivering information every family to each new cohort of students, the teacher supervising online learning only has to provide the main real once. Thereafter the job of the teacher is to keep the material up to date, and to monitor and support students as they learn. This is a far more effective use of time, and allows the teacher to achieve a much greater intensity level with less repetition of tasks. Student participation and performance can be logged by the computer system, and this also removes the need for time-consuming administration. Teaching in a classroom usually operates to a defined broadcast with fixed content and clear goals. Online learning does this too, if it is well designed and focused on clear educational goals, but it offers so much more in addition to this core curriculum. The potential for hyperlinks to a long g lobal library of resources provides extension possibilities at every turn. A student who is not a inseparable speaker of English, for example, can access dictionary and grammar support alongside the learning materials if required. A a student who struggles with mathematical or statistical concepts can immediately find advice on how to approach these matters. A student who is brighter than average, or one who has a special interest in particular points can undertake come on research by using search engines like Google or encyclopedia and reference sites. There is even potential for students to contact other internet

Consumer Relationship Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Consumer Relationship marketing - Case Study ExampleCompanies or brands that focus on such areas can gain competitive advantage.Motorolas strategy, as outlined below, is to deliver a safe customer relationship service, which speaks to the customers desire for clarity of vision. Motorola places self-coloured emphasis on their ability to provide consistent security in information systems, and also matches the troika requirement by maintaining a strong research and development program between all segments. With this speak to customers are adequately informed of what the brand is seeking to achieve and benefits that shall accrue to them if they are successfully accomplished.Motorola is cognize around the world for innovation and leadership in wireless and broadband communications. Motorola (NYSEMOT) is a global muckle 100 leader in broadband, automotive communications, wireless technologies, and embedded electronic mathematical products. The companys Government and Enterprise Mob ility Solutions (GEMS) military control provides integrated radio communications and information solutions for public safety, government, and enterprise customers. Widely distributed sales and system desegregation teams previously collaborated by improvised phone, e-mail, and paper processes. Motorola consists of three businesses Connected photographic plate Solutions, Networks & Enterprise, and Mobile Devices. Connected Home Solutions provides a scalable, integrated end-to-end system for the delivery of broadband serve that keeps consumers informed, entertained and connected. Mobile Devices designs, manufactures, sells and services wireless subscriber and server equipment for cellular systems, portable energy storage products and systems, servers and software solutions and related software and accessory products. Networks & Enterprise solutions include secure two-way radio, cellular and wireless broadband systems to meet the require of public safety, government, private, and service provider and enterprise customers world-wide. The Motorola RAZR cellular phone. The sleek RAZR mobile phone is an innovative product marketed as Ultrathin and light. Razr reported profits of $1.75 billion on sales of $9.42 billion with 750,000 units of the phone to wireless carriers in the first 30 days on the market (Hesseldahl 2005). Strategic Focus Motorolas Web-site states thatWere scientists. Were artists. Most of all, we are a global communications leader, powered by, and driving, seamless mobility. Motorola is revolutionizing broadband, embedded systems and wireless networks - bringing cutting-edge technologies into your everyday life, with ardor (Motorola 2006).A defining characteristic of Motorolas RAZR phone is international use and multi-national business, which is characteristic of a social and heathenish worldview. This worldview may be comprised of the groups norms, values and assumptions for how people interact with each other (Distefano & Mavnevski, 2000).

International student as an outsider Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International student as an outsider - Essay ExampleThe intricacies entail living in a state of confusion since the foreign students be not aware of the actions to take or their identities. This is turn when the international find that their proficiency in the English language is better compared to their mother tongues. Aidah is aware of how it feels to attempt to honor and respect customs and traditions, while to the same time being considered and branded westernized by the family. human beings beings, as you would expect, seek to achieve wholeness and this is extremely challenging when an individual is identified with two cultures that are completely different. Aidah is forced to eternal rest and straddle her being part of more than one culture, and she empathizes with other international students around her how are in the country on foreign visas as the attempt to fit in the learning institutions. In some way, international student visas, demonstrate to the local students, particularly the ones who have to balance between different cultures the same way Aidah does, ways of navigating and succeeding as an outsider, while at the same time being divided. In Aidahs case, the positives of her double identity are a progressive face as she is able to communicate in her native language as well as English fluently. Aidah is able to dress in both the western attire and the traditional dressing worn by her community with ease and comfort and this is the reason, regardless of the confusion created by sharing cultures, she had remained appreciative of having two cultures.

Emirates Airline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emirates Airline - Essay ExampleThe main strength of the company is its intumesce established brand name and financial robustness. The company is a part of the Emirates Group that is owned by the government of Dubai which is very oil rich, and therefore the company is never short of investment. This is also a reason out why the airline has grown to great heights in such a short period of time. The company has also successfully developed a positive image in the industry and is hygienic known for its luxurious services. The airline also enjoys cost advantages over other airlines (Horth & Alwyn, 2). The nerveal behavior in Emirates Airline is aimed at improving the skill level of employees. The human resource management of the company is exceedingly popular as Emirates is known to use innovative recruitment system. The airline also offers training to employees of hypernym quality which is another important strength of the company. This reflects how the company invests in employee s. This also throws light on the organization behavior of the company.The organizational culture of the company is also very flexible. The airline has a flat organizational structure (Knorr & Eisenkopf, 2) and there are no strict rules and regulations. The organization is run as a family and finish making process is very informal (Sull, Ghoshal, & Monteiro, 37). This allows the airline to make decisions relatively quickly than western organizations. in like manner an open door policy is practiced in the company and a friendly environment is well-kept in the organization.

English Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English - Coursework Exampleview is able to lend a certain degree of integrity to the tommyrots content because in a way, all the characters were given up equal levels of attention. This is quite important because the story emphasizes the different struggles that each character went through and the third-person omniscient microscope stage of view is able to provide the reader with the opportunity to pick his or her own side.The short story that I wish to analyze is Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour. The overall theme of the story generally revolves about freedom, and, more specifically, womens search for selfhood, for self-discovery or identity. This theme is aptly symbolized by the open window, out of which Mrs. mallard could see patches of blue sky, the tops of trees that were signaling a late spring aliveness, and the many other marvelous things outside of her window. All of these things represented a new life for Mrs. Mallard who has been under the clutches of her save fo r a very long time. While Mrs. Mallard was stricken with grief at the initial intelligence agency of her husbands death, she was able to look at the situation at a whole new light upon looking out the window. Thus, the open window that presented a view into an entirely new life without her husbands repression represented Mrs. Mallards supposedly new lease at life.The remnant between a meter and a short story is that a poem is more imaginative, as it is driven with words that create more spontaneous, intuitive responses, plot of land a short story oft depends on descriptive language and logical structure. In addition, a poem adheres to rhythm while a short story can be a static flow of words. For example, the following lines from Alexander pontiffs An Essay on Criticism is very rich in imaginative, metaphoric, rhythmic language while the lines from A Fathers Story by Andre Dubus are very literal and static.Hearing the poem We Real Cool recited aloud by the author herself, Gwend olyn Brooks, provided

Estray statutes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Estray statutes - Essay ExampleThe statute defines lost localise and abandoned prop, and provides procedures and remedies which prescribe the powers and duties of finders and possessors of the property, and of relevant government employees. It provides for the disposition of lost property that remains unclaimed by the owner and by the finder. The statute exempts from its application limited types of property. Defined by these laws and regulations, a person pickings up an estray has a qualified ownership in it, which makes absolute if the owner fails to claim the animal at bottom the statutory period. If the owner reclaims the estray, he is liable for reasonable costs of its upkeep. The use of an estray during the period of qualified ownership, other than for its own preservation or for the benefit of the owner, is not authorized. Some statutes limit the right to take up estrays to certain classes of persons, to certain seasons or places, or to animals requiring care. Like regi stering title, estray statutes discourage the theft of property. Like adverse-possession rules, estray statutes tend to promiscuous the clouds from title and transfer property to productive use. Like adverse-possession rules, estray statutes also provide an incentive for owners to monitor their property. Estray statutes ca-ca the dissemination of information and thus reduce the search costs of owners who lose their property (Wen, 2004).Statutory condemnation limit is usually within one year (Baumer, 2003) as practiced in South Dakota. In Colorado however, this limit is good for five eld only by animal control officer, unless claimed by the owner, the state board of stock inspection commissioners will keep the animal (Ord. 196, 1973). In Idaho, upon notice to the County work within ten eld, publish card in a newspaper within twenty days and still unclaimed, the statutory limit will end within three months and the finder will become the owner. These notifications are necessary for the finder who fails to make a reasonable effort to return the property to its owner will be considered theft (Idaho Code 55-405). In Nebraska (Nebraska Brand Committee, 2006), Oklahoma (University of Vermont. 2001), and Minnesota (Office of Revisor of Statutes, 2006) the notification is only within seven days. In Minnesota, notification is also within ten days. If the finder failed to post the notice hence ignored the property rights of the owner, he shall be charged double the amount of change sustained by the owner thereby. In New Jersey, if the owner failed to reclaim it within 120 days a. the owner of the premises where the property was found may claim title to buried or unknown lost property or to lost property which a trespasser found b. the finder of the property may claim title to lost property in other cases. (New Jersey Law adjustment Commission, n.d.) If the owner of the premises or the finder does not claim the lost property, marketable property shall be sold in which the net proceeds shall be deposited with the administrator of the Uniform Unclaimed Property play (4630B-1 to -109) in the Unclaimed Personal Property Trust Fund

Krishna and Ang Mahabharata Essay Example for Free

Krishna and Ang Mahabharata EssayBahagi ng Mahabharata ang Bhagavad Gita (o Bhagavadgita), isang diyalogo o pag-uusap sa pagitan nina Krishna atArjuna. The Mahabharata or is one of the 2 major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other(a) being the Ramayana.2 Besides its epic narrative of the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava and the Pandava princes, the Mahabharata containsphilosophical and devotional material, such as a tidings of the four goals of life or purusharthas (12.161). Among the principal works and stories in the Mahabharata atomic number 18 the Bhagavad Gita, the level of Damayanti, an abbreviated discrepancy of the Ramayana, and the Rishyasringa, often considered as works in their own right. habharata, ( Sanskrit Great Epic of the Bharata Dynasty) one of the two Sanskrit dandy epic poems of ancient India (the other being the Ramayana). TheMahabharata is an important source of in puzzle outation on the development ofHinduism in the midst of cd bce and 200 ce and is regarded by Hindus as both a text about dharma (Hindu incorrupt law) and a history (itihasa, literally thats what happened). Appearing in its present form about 400 ce, the Mahabharata consists of a mass of mythological and didactic material arranged around a central valiant narrative that tells of the struggle for sovereignty between two groups of cousins, the Kauravas (sons of Dhritarashtra, the descendant of Kuru) and thePandavas (sons of Pandu).The poem is made up of roughly 100,000 coupletsabout cardinal successions the length of the Iliad and the Odyssey combineddivided into 18 parvans, or sections, plus a supplement titled Harivamsha (Genealogy of the God Hari i.e., of Vishnu). sinulat ang tulang epikong ito na may layuning parangalan ang mga bayani nang maganap ang paglusob ng mga Aryano (mga Aryan) sa India.Halos kapantay ng mga diyos ang mga maalamat na mga bayaning ito.The Mahabharata tells the story of two sets of paternal first cousinsthe five so ns of the deceased king Pandu (the five Pandavas and the one hundred sons of invention King Dhritarashtrawho became bitter rivals, and opposed each other in war for possession of the ancestral Bharata realm with its capital in the City of the Elephants, Hastinapura , on the Ganga river in north central India. What is dramatically interesting at heart this simple opposition is the large number of individual agendas the many characters pursue, and the numerous personal conflicts, estimable puzzles, sub maculations, and plot twists that give the story a strikingly almighty development. The five sons of Pandu were actually fathered by five Gods (sex was mortally dangerous for Pandu, because of a curse) and these heroes were assisted throughout the story by various Gods, sages, and brahmins, including the great sage Krishna Dvaipayana Vyasa (who subsequently became the author of the epic telling this story), who was also their actual rarefather (he had engendered Pandu and the bli nd Dhrtarastra upon their nominal fathers widows in tack together to preserve the lineage).The one hundred sons of the blind king Dhartarashtra, on the other hand, had a grotesque, demonic birth, and atomic number 18 said more than once in the text to be human incarnations of the demons who are the perpetual enemies of the devotees of the lord. The nigh dramatic figure of the entire Mahabharata, however, is Sri Krishna who is the supreme personality of Godhead himself, descended to earth in human form to reestablish his devotees as care takers of the earth, and who practice Dharma. Krishna Vasudeva was the cousin of both parties, but he was a admirer and advisor to the Pandavas, became the brother-in-law of Arjuna , and served as Arjunas mentor and charioteer in the great war. Krishna Vasudeva is portrayed several times as fervent to see the war occur, and in many ways the Pandavas were his human instruments for fulfilling that end. The Dhartarashtra party behaved viciously and brutally toward the Pandavas in many ways, from the time of their early childhood.Their malice displayed itselfwhen they took advantage of the eldest Pandava, Yudhishthira (who had by now become the regulation of the world) in a game of dice The Dhartarashtras won all his brothers, himself, and even the Pandavas common wife Draupadi They impoverished all the Pandavas and physically abused Draupadi they drovethe Pandava party into the wilderness for twelve years, and the twelve years of evict had to be followed by the Pandavas living somewhere in society, in disguise, without being discovered. The Pandavas fulfilled their part of that lot by living out side the kingdom, but the evil leader and eldest son of Dhartarashtra, Duryodhana , was indisposed to restore the Pandavas to their half of the kingdom when the thirteen years had expired. Both sides thus called upon their many allies and two large armies arrayed themselves on Kurus Field (Kuru was one of the eponymous ancestors of the clan), eleven divisions in the army of Duryodhana against seven divisions for Yudhishthira.Much of the action in the Mahabharata is accompanied by discussion and debate among various interested parties, and the around famous dialog of all time, Krishna Vasudevas ethical lecture and demonstration of his divinity to his devotee and friend Arjuna (the sanctum Bhagavad Gita appeared in the Mahabharata just prior to the commencement of the world war. Several of the important ethical and theological themes of the Mahabharata are tied together in this Gita, and this Song of the Blessed One has exerted much the same sort of powerful and far-reaching influence in the Vedic Civilization that the New Testament has had in the Christian world. The Pandavas won the cardinal day battle, but it was a victory that deeply troubled all except those who were able to fancy things on the divine level (chiefly Krishna, Vyasa, and Bhishma the Bharata patriarch who was symbal of the virtues of th e era now passing away).The Pandavas five sons by Draupadi, as well as Bhimasena and Arjuna Pandavas two sons by two other mothers (respectively, the young warriors and Abhimanyu, were all tragic victims in the war. Worse perhaps, the Pandava victory was won by the Pandavas slaying, in succession, four men who were like fathers to them Bhishma, their teacher Drona , Karna (who was, though none of the Pandavas knew it, the first born, pre-marital, son of their mother), and their maternal uncle Shalya (all four of these men were, in succession, supreme commanders of Duryodhanas army during the war). every bit troubling was the fact that the killing of the first three of these respected elders, and of some other enemy warriors as well, was accomplished and through trickery, most of which were suggested by Krishna Vasudeva as absolutely required by the circumstances. The ethical gaps were not resolved to anyones satisfaction on the surface of the narrative and the aftermath ofthe war was dominated by a sense of horror and malaise.Yudhishthira alone was terribly troubled, but his sense of the wars wrongfulness persisted to the end of the text, in spite of the fact that everyone else, from his wife to Krishna Vasudeva, told him the war was right and good in spite of the fact that the end patriarch Bhishma lectured him at length on all aspects of the Good Law (the Duties and Responsibilities of Kings, which have rightful delirium at their center the ambiguities of Righteousness in abnormal circumstances and the absolute perspective of a beatitude that ultimately transcends the oppositions of good versus bad, right versus wrong, pleasant versus unpleasant, etc.) in spite of the fact that he performed a grand Horse reach as expiation for the putative wrong of the war. These debates and instructions and the account of this Horse Sacrifice are told at some length after the massive and narrative of the battle they form a deliberate tale of pacification that aims to n eutralize the inevitable reactions of the war. In the years that follow the war Dhritarashtra and his milksop Gandhari , and Kunti, the mother of the Pandavas, lived a life of asceticism in a forest retreat and died with yogic cool down in a forest fire.Krishna Vasudeva departed from this earth thirty-six years after the war. When they learned of this, the Pandavas believed it time for them to leave this world too and they embarked upon the Great Journey, which involved walking north toward the polar mountain, that is toward the heavenly worlds, until ones eubstance dropped dead. One by one Draupadi and the younger Pandavas died along the way until Yudhishthira was left alone with a wienerwurst that had followed him all the way.Yudhishthira made it to the gate of heaven and there refused the order to drive the dog back, at which level the dog was revealed to be an incarnate form of the God Dharma (the God who was Yudhishthiras actual, physical father), who was there to test Yud hishthiras virtue. one time in heaven Yudhishthira faced one final test of his virtue He saw only the Dhartarashtra Clan in heaven, and he was told that his brothers were in hell. He insisted on joining his brothers in hell, if that were the case It was then revealed that they were really in heaven, that this illusion had been one final test for him.

The corrupt police Essay Example for Free

The corrupt patrol EssayAfter closely reading Sonia Nazarios 2006 Enriques journey book, I can only gladly marvel at the authors expertise in exploring the smallest facets of human nature. To illustrate, through the book, Nazario digs into the surface to demonstrate that universe can demonstrate unparalleled hope, resilience, and determination. much(prenominal) traits are evident through the actions of the books protagonist Enrique. On the flipside, reading the book has do me feel deep contempt with regard to the authors depiction of some very indecent human qualities. For example, Nazario explains that some of the characters in the book portray behaviors that make the lives of other people very gravid and even dangerous. Key among such characters are the corrupt Mexican police who thrive on bribes. Further, the bandits and the gangsters that Enrique encounters on the way do not make things easier for the young son. Such unacceptable behavior makes me to regard philanth ropy as upholding customs and behaviors that unnecessarily harm other people.All in all, Nazarios Enriques journeys expert depiction of the details surrounding Enriques Honduras-USA voyage makes me unearth some praiseworthily as well as unacceptable traits of human beings. To begin with, the determination that Enrique demonstrates as he charts unknown and dangerous territory to find Lourdes his mother gladdens my breast due to the inherent resilience depicted. For instance, the young boy encounters many hardships both before and during the ambitious journey. It is worth noting that Enrique does to have the money to pay for his journey.He indeed has to hop from the roof of one goods train to another to execute his voyage. This is a very dangerous projection because the boy risks being detected and deported or even making a false step that would suppose his death. On top of being penniless, the boy only has the telephone address of his mothers dwelling (Nazario 25). This is i nadequate information to track someone in strange territory. Moreover, the boy encounters mean bandits and gangsters who add to his worries along the way. The bandits steal from immigrants the like Enrique while the gangsters control the trains roofs the medium through which Enrique travels to America.The corrupt police who demand bribes from immigrants in exchange for safe passage to America add to Enriques troubles. Despite such seemingly impossible hardships, the boy bravely soldiers on, demonstrating unexplainable resilience and hope. Such a firm and consistent depiction of surliness that is sustained by indescribable hope makes my heart swell with pride due to the boys pleasant qualities. On the contrary, I am deeply perturbed by the extreme meanness and inconsiderate behavior that is demonstrated by some characters such as the bandits, the gangsters, and the police that Enrique encounters.For example, it is very irritating to learn that the police expect bribes from people who suffer like Enrique and his fellow immigrants. Such an act amounts to heartless exploitation of disenfranchised persons. Moreover, the bandits habit of stealing from suffering immigrants demonstrates a total lack of morals whereby humans behave like beasts. Similarly, the act of the gangsters purporting to own the roofs of the trains on which Enrique travels is very disheartening. Such unacceptable behavior, which demonstrates the dark side of human character, makes my heart bleed for the worlds suffering people of the likes of Enrique.In conclusion, reading Nazarios Enriques move around book has aroused both bitter and sweet sensations in me. For example, the police, bandits, and ganisters behavior of exploiting Enrique blots humanitys characters, indeed dampening my spirits. Conversely, Enriques utter resilience, courage, and hope that see him endure the heartrending journey are among humanitys commendable characters which make me to become thrilled. Works Cited Nazario, S onia. Enriques Journey. New York Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007.

European Expansionism and the New World Order Essay Example for Free

European Expansionism and the mod mankind Order EssayThe European invasion and expansionism leave a stain to the realism History, and thus traced the question where does the modern youth get their evil side. Since this Europeans invaded most agency of the world if not the whole, everyone could say that each has a small drop of blood of Europeans in their system, especially in the spotless of South and North America, where most of the European expeditions harbored. Because of this, wickedness of Europeans might be inside of todays every mans alive. The liquidation of Hispaniola by the Spaniards is no less than a tragic extinction of American Natives.Exquisite execution of the low victims ironically generates fun and excitement with those performing the impious acts, all for the name of the Almighty. In the book of Stannard, it summarizes change of mind by blow account of how the Europeans perform such evil acts including Spaniards whos responsible in creating the New Worl d in accordance to their standards and Christian beliefs and devotions. However, the creation of the so-called New World of this Europeans caused broad killings and pestilence which resulted to a depopulation of about ninety-six percent.The irony is putting a New World for the living in expenditure of every living thing that is degraded, disheartened, and extinct. For the most common term it is survival of the fittest supposedly performed only by animals in the wild fighting as predators for the flesh of their victims. How the old Europeans perform the survival of the fittest game for their New World? American Natives wiped out for many ungodly reasons varying from killing newly born babies to let husbands and wife being tired and stressful that they do not get to feel the sexual jolly up to do procreation.Some reasons were pestilence or intentionally spreading of plague and viral diseases by dissemination contaminated things to public. Some were simply letting the people starv ed to death. Some were being subjected to burning villages and massive killings. This character of burning people and villages originated in Europeans because they are the ones having the superiority trait and that inferiors of them deserved to be maltreated, demoralized and died inhumanely.It could be to totally eliminate habitants of such community, especially when they see that the land that they occupied were fertile, healthy and rich. For the remnant on this chapter which talk about European Expansionism and New World Order is the additional denunciation for the tardy reaction of the natives as they allowed three or four decades of European invasion and American extinction in advance they do the movement and crusade of condemning Europeans wrongdoings. Again, these movements which lead to Civil War also take part in the World History in a negative manner and reputation.

Negative impact Essay Example for Free

Negative impact EssayThere is a proven tie-up between the growing human existence and the sustainability of the environment. In Floridas case, the state has one of the highest rates of population growth in the U. S. with a rate of more than 25% over a period of 10 years (1990-2000), and the employment (and over-consumption) of alternatives by this ever-increasing multitude has resulted in the degradation of the ecosystems health.Aside from this, the products of human consumption (such as wastes) and human activities, have contributed to the upset in the biogeochemical cycle, and consequently, the ecosystems demise. For example, the collapse of Floridas coastal ecosystems has been fix by scientists to overfishing. Wetlands too, are disappearing at an alarming rate. People are also encroaching upon the infixed habitat of animals, displacing the native animal population.For instance, this has lead to an increasing number of snakes and alligators in residential areas. What do you conduct the greatest positive impact that humans have made in the same area? In Florida, piss is a scarce and depleting resource. Because of the states high rate of population growth, scientists are estimating that water drawn from the largest potable water reservoir, the Florida aquifer, will run out by the year 2025.The problem has escalated to a critical point that in Central Florida, potable water is not allowed to be used in irrigation. In 2002, Department of Environmental Protection has launched a statewide comprehensive Water Conservation weapons platform for the publics water supply. This program has garnered a lot of support and publicity from various sectors of lodge including the media, schools, even business establishments, and has resulted in further research in the area of water conservation and resource preservation.

Personal Definition and Understanding of Mythology and its Influences Essay Example for Free

Personal exposition and Understanding of Mythology and its Influences EssayHeaven, hell, angels, devils, gods, goddesses, monsters, and immortal heroes as I was growing up as a child, these were the things which lead been said to me about places, supreme beings, and creatures the existence of which I was not able to prove up to this moment. everyplace the years of growing up, I earn come across lots of stories which both seemed believable besides unverifiable to me. Thus, I can only conclude that these things, stories, and plurality argon what are known forthwith as myths. These things should be told to me to make me believe that supreme powers exist. Supreme powers, aside from the ultimate God whom my religion has taught me, govern and guide people to do good acts and avoid evil. Eventu bothy, these things roused my curiosity. As I try to undo these unverifiable creatures, places, and supreme beings, I was able to understand myth and mythology. Mythology, in the literal sense, pertains to a assembling of revered stories about a person, a group of persons, a culture, or humankind as a whole (Emery, 2008).Thus, through this definition, my own conception of myth and mythology matches as I see these stories as tales and epics that are made to provide people inviolable role models to urge them to do such good acts found on the actions and experiences of these fab beings. In this sense, mythological places and powers were told to influence the belief and ideology of individuals that humankind can be punished and yielded according to their acts of either righteousness or evil.Also, mythological stories are as well as studied to in some manner give a specific group of people an idea and grasp of their identity, the origin of their world, the rites and rituals in their culture, the elemental point of view about life, and the concepts of death and after death (Kohler, 2008). When myths and mythologies are mentioned, the society that first enters my wit is that of the Greeks. Greek mythology has been the everlasting source of mythical gods and goddesses, epic wars of mortal and immortal heroes, stories of salvation, immortalization, condemnation to the underworld, and even the sacred stories of love and romance.These stories have been exposed to most of us in our primary and secondary educations, but these stories have existed and have remained immortal as its characters. These stories have existed since the immemorial history of the Greek race and society. I also find Greek mythology as one of the greatest mythologies that tells the story of humankind, as it reflects real-life acts, consequences, and tendencies.The aspect of gods talking and communication to people may seem unrealistic, but if this aspect would be deeply examined, it could be inferred that Greek mythology gives people that idea in illusive form that communicating with God is never a hard or impossible task. Its characters also go through what usual people ex perience. As a result, even recent people can easily relate to and reflect on its stories. Personally, I believe that mythology, Greek mythology specifically, has had substantive impacts in my beliefs and how I view life.I may be practicing one specific religion, but the stories I was able to learn in Greek mythology have affected me in such a mien that I believed that all the good things people do in their lifetime have an equivalent reward (or penalty). The mythologys concept of a grand place for people who have been fair and righteous in their lives have been guiding my beliefs all these yearsthat there might indeed be a extra place for people who chose to do good and fair acts in their lives.These stories and tales from the mythologies of not just the Greeks but all the other ancient and even current societies may not all seem verifiable or credible for us contemporary individuals to believe. However, there appears neither harm nor threat in allowing these myths, mythologica l characters, and mythological epics to guide us in how we view life and what it offers us. As how I understand mythology, it is but a collection of lifetime stories that are bound to show people how to deal with life in the most positive way possible.

Social Issues Surrounding Child Welfare Services Essay Example for Free

Social Issues contact Child Welf be Services EssayChildren are part of a family, while a family is a basic unit of social structure representing a single household in a community. The pauperism to address the issues and problems surrounding these two social groups is a social concern that has led to the creation of contrastive social eudaimonia and development organizations and units.For the purpose of identifying the issues and problems surrounding family and nipper welfare, let us not manoeuvre family and pincer as two different social actors. As Shireman wrote in the book Critical Issues in Child well-being, There is no dichotomy between the welfare of the child and the welfare of the family. Any polity that supports family life supports the welfare of children. Child welfare is, therefore, about the welfare of children and families (1).In the United States, despite the straight attempt of the g overnment and other welfare organizations to eradicate the problems rel ated to family and child welfare programs and service, different issues hushed persist to question the policies created to address such problems. In order to identify this problems and issues, let us setoff briefly discuss the background of this problem.Family and Child plow in U.S.According to a press passage from US Census Bureau rude(a)s, in 2004, 61 percent or approximately 45 whizz thousand thousand of the United States 73 million children population, with ages 18 years and below, were living with their biological parents. Of these 45 million children, over 42.2 million lived with married comfort parents, while approximately 4.1 million lived with stepfather and biological mother. Meanwhile, 19.3 million children in the U.S. lived with one parent particularly with single mother. More to this, an estimated 12.2 million children witch is 17% of childrens population lived with one-half sibling, stepparent, and/or stepsibling.Concerning the family and child welfare services program, the U.S. government in the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1993 created the Family deliverance and Support Services which aims to encourage the State to develop, establish, and operate a program of community-based family support services and family rescue services (Layzer, Goodson, Bernstein, and Price ii). The family support program offers related services and programs to families in the given communities. Meanwhile, the family preservation services give assistance to families who are experiencing family problems and crisis. Moreover, this program also encompasses the childrens issues and problems.Issues Surrounding Family and Child WelfareFamily and child welfare policies, being a social concern, have been subjected to criticism by different groups in the auberge like media, non-government organizations, cause groups, and even disk operating system legislators. Consequently issues on family and child welfare surfaced, ranging from difficulties in identifying and beat the extent of involvement and intervention of the state in solving marital and familial issues to the availability of capital to support the different programs relating to family and child welfare.With regard to state intervention in cases of child abuse and military group, unless the family delirium has been judged seriously enough for court intervention, the child could be detached from his or her parents topographic point and brought to a foster base. In this situation, problems arose concerning the basis of measurement used in identifying the seriousness or heaviness of the abuse or violence inflicted on the child. The childs separation from his or her family, particularly from his mother, was sensed to be precise and dangerous to the child.Thus, it is the abuser who should leave the home and face the consequence of his action. As Schechter and Edleson gravel it, intervention should ensure the childs safety, help the mother protect herself and her children, and hold the perpetrator of the violence accountable (qtd. in Shireman 44).The issues of whether a child should stay short-term or long-term in the foster home or with their foster parent or kinships feel for is also subjected to critical issues concerning the possible effects of their detachment from their family. Most child welfare services are confronted with hard decisions of whether to receive the other needs (including the education) of children or just provide them with what is necessary like safety, nurture, guidance, food, and clothing. Linked to this issue are the roles of the courts, law enforcement, and child welfare services (Shireman 53).The states budget allocation for family and child welfare is also a subject of controversial issues. Financial analysts noted that the funds for family and child welfare programs were a great deal misused. An estimated $20 billion is being spent yearly for different child welfare programs and services. While a huge do is being dedicated to chi ld welfare support programs, only little amount is allocated for preventing child neglect and abuse (Urban Institute n.p.).In addition to this, despite the budget allocation for the wellness component of child welfare, many foster children are not provided with an access to needed mental and health guard services (Geen, Sommers, and Cohen 1). Furthermore, the low budget allocated for hiring social workers often leads to employment of staffs that are less able and are not professionally trained to work in such program and service (Shireman 3). other problem is related to the issues involved in kinship care being an alternative foster care for abused and neglected children instead of placing them in child care homes. Like in child care housing, the kin care givers are also entitled to child-only payments coming from Temporary Assistance for Needy Families as fees or incentives for their hardship and services. Among the support services that kin care givers must receive are state su bsidies for child care and housing and food stamps.Yet, many kin care givers fail to receive such support services (Urban Institute n.p.). In addition, the state is unable to monitor the condition of a child placed in kinship care. As a result, the child care programs designed to reunite them with their parents or find them an adoptive home were not implemented (Macomber, Geen and Main 1).Lastly, the shortage of foster homes due to increase number of referrals and increasing number of women employment also poses problems in child care program. Such scarcity questions the protection and safety being provided for children. In addition, foster home shortages also make it difficult to dispense thorough assessment on children whether they should stay long-term or short-term in foster home (Shireman 253).Looking at these issues and problem, we could say that without properly addressing the problem of family and child care welfare, the occurrence of family abuse and neglect, homelessness, family conflicts, and others is plausibly to continue. Thus, proper solution should consider prevention than cure.Works CitedGeen, Rob, Anna S. Sommers, and Mindy Cohen, M. Medicaid Spending on Foster Children. The Child Welfare Research Program Brief No. 14 August 2005 1-11. 7 Apr. 2009. http//www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/311221_medicaid_spending.pdf.Layzer, Jean I., Barbara D. Goodson, Lawrence Bernstein, and Cristofer Price. National valuation of Family Support Programs Final Report Volume A The Meta-Analysis. Cambrigde Abt. Associates Inc., 2001. 7 Apr. 2009. http//www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/abuse_neglect/fam_sup/reports/famsup/fam_sup_vol_a.pdf.Macomber, Jennifer., Ehrle, Rob Geen, and Regan Main. Kinship Foster Care Custody, Hardships, and Services. Snapshots of Americas Families III No. 14 Nov. 2003 1-2. 7 Apr. 2009. http//www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/310893_snapshots3_no14.pdf.Shireman, Joan F. Critical Issues in Child Welfare. New York Columbia University Press,2003.Urban In stitute. Child Welfare A Program of the Urban Institute. Urban Institute Issues in Focus. 2009. 7 Apr. 2009. http//www.urban.org/toolkit/issues/childwelfare.cfm.U.S. Census Bureau News. Majority of Children Live With Two Biological Parents. U.S. Census Bureau. 17 Nov. 2008. 7 Apr. 2009. http//www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/children/011507.html

Tourism in Antarctica Essay Example for Free

Tourism in Antarctica EssayOil spills, although reasonably infrequent, are major threats to nearby wildlife. Increased tourism is also bringing about the invasion of alien species and spores into Antarctica, and although species such as the Mediterranean mussel will not be able to thrive on the screwball shelf due to the temperatures, they fuck prove to be a threat to the marine wildlife when growing on ship hulls. Most tourists to Antarctica fork out flown to southern areas such as Punta Arenas in Chile or New Zealand. The pollution created by these long-distance call flights is considerable and contributes to global warming. In addition to this, as global warming melts away floating ice sheets on the water, there will be space for extendedr ships to arrive, resulting in more tourists, and an increase in the issues aforementi singled. Furthermore, there are the issues which are prevalent in all tourist destinations, such as litter, sewage, and overcrowding.What is organism done to minimise the impact of tourism? All 100+ tour operators in Antarctica are members of IAATO (International companionship of Antarctica Tour Operators), which urges tour operators to be environmentally-friendly, and to urge their clients to also do so. Tourism is very much ratified and acceptable in Antarctica, and it is only the scale of this which needs to be controlled.SSSIs (Sites of Special Scientific Interest), such as Bird Island on South Georgia are laid out beforehand, and tourists are not allowed to let down these, in order to preserve wildlife and certain habitats. In order to partake in any activities on the island, a permit is required, so that this can be regulated. Ships landing in Antarctica cannot be carrying more than viosterol people, with only 100 being allowed to disembark at once and ships carrying heavy fuel oil (normally large passenger ships) are not allowed to enter Antarctic waters.The number of cruise vessels at any one site in the Antarctic has been limited to 40, and only one ship is allowed to land at each site at once. In addition to this, no waste or litter is to be go forth at the tourist sites, tourists are not allowed to walk on the lichens or moss and no tourist is allowed to go within 5 metres of an animal. All tour guides are officially trained and are experienced scientific personnel who have been involved in research in Antarctica.Waste disposal is tightly regulated, with prohibitions of the cast away of waste anywhere in the Antarctic continent, with ships now having purpose-built waste containment facilities. This shows how sustainable tourism in Antarctica is a high priority, and how there are many measures taken to minimise the negative impacts of tourism. Although these measures are in effect(p) now, it is unknown whether they will stay in place in the future, and if Antarctica will retain its title as the Worlds last true wilderness for much longer.

Accounting Terminology Essay Example for Free

Accounting Terminology EssayEach of the following business organizations may (or may non) describe unitary of these technical terms. For whole(prenominal) statement, indicate the accounting term described, or react None if the statement does not correctly describe any of the terms.a. The level of sales at which receipts exactly equals cost and expenses. Break-even point. b. Costs remain unchanged despite changes in sales volume. Fixed Costs. c. The drag over which output is likely to vary and assumptions about cost behavior generally remain valid. applicable Range. d. Sales revenue less uncertain cost and expenses. Contribution margin. e. Unit sales price deduction variable cost per unit. Unit contribution margin. f. The reduction in unit cost achieved from a high level of output. Economics of scale. g. Costs the respond to changes in sales volume by less than a proportionate amount. Semi variable be. h. Operating income less variable cost. None. workout 20.7 Us ing Cost-Volume-Profit FormulasExercise 21.2 Home Depots Financial Statements Incremental, Sunk, and Opportunity Costs Read the footnote in appendage A referring to Home Depots decision to close all of its remaining big quoin stores in China. Write a short paragraph identifying the incremental, change posture and opportunity costs associated with this decision. Assume that any cost savings will be invested elsewhere in more produceive stores.Incremental costs relate to the difference in costs between alternative courses of action and incremental revenues. The incremental costs that would be that would occur from either recasting or closing Home Depot an existing location would entangle cost of materials, overhead from the effective physical remodel, labor that let ins employee pay for rearranging and moving merchandise during a remodel if it occurred, designing and planning costs. Opportunity costs are important factors when it comes to decision devising because they defin e the costs of taking some action in terms of the value foregone or thats wedded up due to a discussion sectionicular action taken place. Opportunity costs of remolding would take on get aheads on lost sales if the store is closed during remodeling, loss of current sales due to hang in customer traffic (due to excessive noise, smell, dirt and inconveniences.Stores could potentially lose profit if they are not able to stock the full line of increases or keep items stocked during a remodel. Whereas a sunk cost is an outlay that has been irrevocably incurred at some time in the past sunk costs cannot be changed no matter what course of action is taken and are irrelevant for purposes of decision making involving the future. Sunk costs related to either remodeling of the store that would need to be taken into consideration include original costs of the current store (decorations, paint, shelves, displays, carpet) and designs that will need to be replaced or removed during either r emodeling or closing.Exercise 21.6 Incremental Analysis Make or Buy Decision The cost to smartness Company of manufacturing 15,000 units of a go badicular part is $135,000, of which $60,000 is restore and $75,000 is variable. The company can buy the part from an out of doors supplier for $6 per unit. Fixed costs will remain thesame regardless of Swanks decision. Should the company buy the part or continue to manufacture it? Prepare a comparative plan in the format illustrated in Exhibit 21-6.It would be more beneficial for the company to manufacture the part rather than buy it from an outside provider.Brief Exercise 22.9 Flows of Costs through Manufacturing Accounts The President of Cold let out churl Cream Company, a chain of ice cream stores in the Midwest, was unhappy with the actual six-month profit figures for thecompany recently prepared by the CFO. The president asked the CFO for a profit breakdown, by store, of the actual six-month results. When the President receiv ed the report, he was extremely upset and called the CFO, into his office. The President stated, These reports show that each store in the chain is profitable, but our company results are unprofitable How can this be? The CFO pointed out that each store was allowed to set prices for ice cream based on its cost structure. However, the stores cost structures did not include headquarters costs of the costs of publicize and delivery of products.What are the trey characteristics for operating a flourishing responsibility accounting administration? Consider whether the accounting ashes at Cold Moo Ice Cream Company includes the three characteristics of a successful responsibility accounting system. How could the responsibility accounting system at Cold Moo be improved?As the Textbook states, measuring exertion along the lines of management responsibility is an important function. A responsibility accounting system holds individual managers accountable for the performance of the busi ness centers under their control and provides top management with information useful in identifying strengths and weaknesses among units throughout the organization. The three characteristics of a successful operating accounting system will include budgets, will measure the performance, and take over punctual performance reports. Budgets serve as performance targets for each subunit in an organization. The accounting system will measure the performance of each responsibility center, and timely performance reports are prepared that match the actual performance of each center with the amounts budgeted.When reports are preformed frequently, it allows center managers to be able to keep their performances on target, and helps with the evaluation of the managers. It does not appear hat Cold Moo Ice Cream is following the timely reports method of the accounting system, which is essential to ensuring the financial information is accurate as possible, and to improve this aspect should be more intertwined with the actual budget and more accurately present how the performance of the store is measured.To do so the responsibility income statement should also be presented, thiscontains not only the operating results of a particular part of a business but also the revenue and expenses of each profit center within that part, which could be extremely important to see how those centers within the same area measure and stack up against one another. For the responsibility income statement to be informative and useful it should essentially and efficiently be able to percentage point Variable Costs, Contribution Margin, Fixed Costs, Traceable Fixed Costs and Common Fixed Costs.In addition, fixed costs that are commons to both product lines amount to $125,000.00.Instructionsa. Prepare Chocolatiers responsibility income statement for the current month. Report the responsibility margin for each product line and income from operations for the company as a whole. Also include colum ns showing all dollar amounts as percentages of sales.b. According to the analysis performed in part a, which product line is more profitable? Should the common fixed costs be considered when ascertain the profitability of individual product lines? Why or why not? According the analysis in part a, the solid product line is more profitable. When determining profitability of any product line, common fixed costs should not be considered. Only the costs that are directly traceable to the product lines should be included. Common fixed costs are not directly traceable to any product, as they are arbitrarily allocated in proportion to a chosen factor, for example, machine hour or unanimous feet of a certain space occupied.c. Chocolatiers has $15,000.00 to be used in advertising for one of the two product lines and expects that the expenditure will result in additional sales of $50,000.00. How should the company decide which product line to advertise?The effects of this campaign will typi cally be in both sales and variable costs, and therefore the company should select the product line based on which product will confirm the highest contribution margin ratio, which is thepercentage of sales, service revenues or selling price that remains after all variable costs and variable expenses have been covered. This method takes into consideration the limited time frame of the advertising campaign, where fixed costs will most likely not be affected.

Leadership and Power with Teenagers Essay Example for Free

Leadership and situation with Teenagers EssayCommunication among patients and health c ar providers has always been an important topic. Specifically communication between teenagers and health care sea captains, a study conducted by Jacobson and others (2001), shows that on that point has not been much research that specifically show how teenagers relate to the health services. Using the communication aspects of that study, the description of separate dynamics shown in the text edition and the assigned readings, we will try to show a more effective way to communicate with teenagers as a health care professional. Power in a GroupWith few exceptions, most teenagers sprightliness the need to belong to a group. For a teenager group dynamics help to define his or her identity. If we stooge understand how group dynamics work, we can then use that information to come apart a strategy to help us as health care professionals communicate effectively with teenagers. Adler (2010) def ines power as the ability to modulate others (p. 308). There are many ways to influence other people utilize the different types of power. We will review a few of them in order to get a divulge understanding of what level of power we can put one over in a group. We will not be discussing if the power or level of influence in the group is used for exhaustively or bad, only when that it is fork out.Legitimate PowerLegitimate power is defined as power received because of title or position. A parent, a teacher or, in our case, a nurse or paramedic, has this kind of power when depression approaching a patient. This kind of power is usually acquired through an authority that is recognized by society. We stand this authority because they have a position above us in the chain of command. The end forget is the person with the power has the major influence.As a nurse or a paramedic, the identical, the tools we use and however the environment we are in, are car park ways that peop le recognize our title, is also highlights power and influence that comes with our title. This allows us to approach a patient and get their attention so we can begin their judicial decision and treatment.Expert PowerExpert power comes from what lies behind the title perceived cogniseledge what we believe that they go through or can do(Adler, 2010, pg. 385). Nurses and paramedics are excellent examples of nice power. We extol their authority not because we know his or her personal background, what university they graduated from or how much experience that they have, but because the person has a professional title that we know has to be realise. This earned title means that the professional has certain level of friendship in health field and we are more wishly to follow their instructions because of it.After we present ourselves as a nurse or paramedic, it is our job to confirm the first impression caused by our uniform and shows the patient that we know how to do our jobs. O nce we are assessing the patient it is important to demonstrate our medical familiarity and the experience we have while performing procedures. We do this in order to make the patient live more comfortable with us and give them more confidence in communicating with us rough their current condition.Referent PowerReferent power comes from the interactions with the members of a group. It is not bestowed upon a person like the legitimate power and it is not related to the power a person gets because of their knowledge in a particular subject like expert power. The referent power is earned because of the respect that person has earned from the group. There are many important factors that we need to be flip overing when earning this kind of power earning institutionalize and taste of the group members and likability, all take part in draw ining this kind of power.Leadership is the countersignature that best describes referent power. When a person becomes a draw, they support and push the group toward a common goal that is the best for every 1. Leadership is a skill, not a quality nurses or paramedics need to develop this skill to have a better have a way to communicate with our colleagues and patients, especially our young ones. Losing referent power. When a leader fails to be an effective, the ineffective leaser will lose the referent power they had gained.In one study a teenager was asked how they felt while talking to a doctor, they described there interpretation of a doctor as an authority figure who communicated briskly (Jacobson, October 2001, p. 813). This statement show the misery in meeting a teenagers need to. The results of the study show that most teenagers dont dedicate their trust and respect their health care professional. The results of the study show that most teenagers dont trust there health care professionals and this can lead to them failing to disclose important medical information. communication with a Teenager PatientLegitimate, e xpert and referent power demonstrate a persons ability to gain power and influence within a group. Returning to our main topic, we know that teenagers have a group mentality. This means that one way to get and maintain their respect is to use referent power. By exploitation the skills of a leader, we are much better to able to connect and to build relationship with out juvenile patients.When we first have contact with a patient we inherently have both legitimate and expert power with us then begin to develop the referent power and earn the trust and respect of that patient. If we are successful the patient will cooperate with us and we will have a good and open communication. This works for almost every patient, but if the patient is a teenager, we also have one extra challenge, time.Teenagers usually make immobile decisions they dont usually take the time to consider all ramifications or consequences of their choices. We have to make sure they know we are there to help them and that they are important to us as a person. To earn their trust, they have to feel like they are cosmos treated as an adult, not like another bratty teen and this must be fulfil in a short period of time due to the teenagers tendency towards quick decisionsTo summarize, we have described a few of the different types of power a person can have in a group, legitimate, expert and referent. Then we further explained how you go from legitimate and expert power to the referent in your dealing with teenaged patient and how using referent power and being a leader is always your best option. This is so not only can we work better with them but we can do a better job as a health care providers overall.ReferencesAdler, R. Rodman, G. (2006). Understanding humankind Communication. Oxford, NY Oxford University Press.Jacobson, L. Richardson, G. Parry-Langdon, N. Donovan, C. (October 2001). How do teenagers and primary healthcare providers view each other? An overview of key themes. The British Journal of oecumenic Practice, 51(471) 811816. PMCID PMC1314126Sieh, A. Bretin, L. (1997). The Nurse Communicates (pp. 85-102). Philadelphia,PA. WB Saunders Company.

For this project i will be constructing Essay Example for Free

For this project i leave al wholeness be constructing Essay1. 1 Statement of the chore 1. 1. 1 Introduction For this project I all toldow for be constructing an I. T. solution for move Couriers. fort Couriers is a company, which provides a number of courier services, mainly for car showrooms. Their main service is the transportation of vehicle registrations to the V. R. O. (Vehicle Registration Office) and their return, and besides the transportation of tax related forms to the tax office, also from car showrooms. It is currently a company with a sm all number of employees, approximately 4, and a truly local guest base. However they plan to puff in the near future and do non believe their current schema of rules allow for be effective with much more selective information. The current system, Lotus SmartSuite, is non designed with their company in bear in mind and is therefore complicated to exit and the hyperkinetic syndromeition of entropy is often laborious. I hope to improve their stake by creating an automated database, so that creating documents and modifying data is a real guileless task. 1. 1. 2 User Requirements The owners of Castle Couriers get down a number of requirements-Reduce time spent on inputting data -This will aid the elaboration process beca mathematical function an increase in data will non lead to a further increase in time spent processing. -Increase ease of finding data -Again a time saving requirement, helpful during the complicated period of expansion. -Producing a sufficiently high quality document range -Now that the production of documents is around automatic, the end users argon keen to operate that the quality does non decline. -Must be user friendly out-of-pocket to lack of computer literacy of end user-There must be very few complicated procedures, as having to increase the end users I. T. skills will take time and possibly money. 1. 1. 3 Current system At the present moment Castle Couriers uses a generic architectural plan called Lotus Smartsuite. My knowledge of Smartsuite is minimal entirely the computer program has not been specifically designed for this company. I get down been informed that it is similar to Microsoft office, which I have good experience in. It is very popular with many businesses because of the amount of very professional tools avail commensurate.However, in the topic of Castle Couriers, these tools are not linked together effectively, allowing for a minimal amount of automation. They store data in both spreadsheets and databases, with certain functions allowing a limited direct of automation. 1. 1. 4 entropy Flow plot of current system The following diagram illustrates the current processes involved in dealing with an order 1. 1. 5 Problems with the current system Castle Couriers main line with their current system is its complexity, which is leading to an increase in the amount of time they spend producing documents and organising orders.A dding new customers, as they are planning to do, should they decide to continue with expansion, is very hard-fought and is adding to the already complicated and overloaded system. Modifying data is also a time consuming problem as it takes time to navigate through the procedures necessary. 1. 1. 6 Objectives of the new system The new system should tackle a series of criteria, offset printingly the time spent inputting data and the ease with which this is done should be improved. fashioning the system less complex than Lotus Smartsuite should solve both of these objectives.Secondly they would like to be able to search for details of customers and services easily. Very importantly, this program must maintain the high quality of documents such(prenominal) as invoices and memorandums. Finally none of the cater who will be using the system have very much experience in IT, so the system must be easy to operate and difficult to corrupt. 1. 1. 7 Performance indicators The following per formance indicators will be used It should take less than 1 minute to construct and print invoices Data entry should be made simple enough for all queries to be 100% accurate. The system must be able to cater for any number of provide/customers/services to be added without improvements as the company expands It must be impossible to erase any handle or tables The system should be simple enough for users with entirely a basic I. T. knowledge to operate 1. 1. 8 Volume of data The level of data that will be stored in the database is likely to be quite small at first, but this should increase as Castle Couriers continues expanding. Initially there are likely to be about 40 customers, with a choice of 3 services and 5 members of staff. expatiate of each(prenominal) customer will need to be stored and will cover cook, address, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail, contacts inside the firm and their history with Castle Couriers. 1. 1. 9 Hardware and Software The majority of the desig n will be carried out on my schools computer network with the equivalent to a 1. 6Ghz Pentium processor, 128MB of RAM and an easily sufficient size hard drive. My home PC and the computers of Castle Couriers are of a similar specification. Therefore there should not be any problems in compatibility.However, at home, where some aspects of the design will be carried out, I have a newer version of Microsoft Office, and therefore a newer version of Access. This should not cause any problems, hitherto should I wish to incorporate functions not available in the schools version, I will have to do this last. in all of the designing will be done in Microsoft Access, with some links to Word, for better quality documents, and Excel, for data interpretation. This is available on all three of the concerned systems. 1. 1. 10 End user skill level None of the people who will be using the system have any formal I.T. qualifications. Their only previous I. T. experience is based around the use of Lo tus SmartSuite. This will be a problem for me because the system I will be designing for them will be entirely based at bottom three programs, Microsoft Access, Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. It will therefore be necessary to repair the project very simple to use with automatic functions. 2 propose 2. 1 Consideration of solutions 2. 1. 1 Manual System This would be based around data being processed, stored and filed in the form of paperwork, with calculations being manual and documents handmade. -Easily the slowest-Higher risk of infection of loss/damage to data -Complicated and tedious -Lower quality documents -High risk of mis-calculations We have therefore judged that this system would not be suitable for Castle Couriers, as it is far too slow and complicated and will not be better than the current system. 2. 1. 2 Spreadsheet System A spreadsheet system would be designed and operated in a program such as Microsoft Excel. -Easy to design -Little chance of damage/loss -Sim ple functions A spreadsheet system would not allow for the necessary functions and operations to improve on Lotus Smartsuite. 2. 1.3 A specifically designed courier system A package, which has been specially designed for this type of business, could be obtained from certain software package companies -Best program -Expensive -All necessary functions present This is probably the best option as it is designed only for use in this type of company, however due to the expense of this program Castle Couriers have allowed me to attempt a database in advance deciding. 2. 1. 4 Access database This is the option they have allowed me to attempt and this will be designed and implement by me -Very cheap and easy to design -Inter-personal interaction during design.-Easier to train users Using this system has the advantage of allowing Castle Couriers to have an influence in the design of the system. 2. 2 Database Design 2. 2. 1 Entity-relationship diagram There are six entities, or tables, with in this database. They are basically split into two separate functioning databases, however I will keep them in one for ease of use and because the services/tasks table will be used by both systems. The first system, describe in red, will concern the receiving and payments of orders, whereas the second, outlined in blue, will allow allocation of tasks for employees.2. 2. 2 Dataflow diagram of the proposed system 2. 2. 3 Table Design The six tables are defined as follows tblCustomer sector name Data type Description/ ecesis Customer ID Auto hail rudimentary field, automatically incremented for each customer Company name Text Contact first name Text Contact second name Text Billing address Text Town.ServiceID AutoNumber Key field, automatically incremented for each service Service description Text Service price Currency tblorders field name Data type Description/ constitution OrderID AutoNumber Key field, automatically incremented for each order CustomerID Number ServiceID Number Date age/Date tblpayments Field name Data type Description/Validation CustomerID Number Payment amount Currency Payment date Time/Date tblemployees Field name Data type Description/Validation EmployeeID First name Second name Other name calling Title National Insurance number e-mail address Address 1.Address 2 urban center County Post code Home phone Work phone Emergency contact number tblemployeesandtasks Field name Data type Description/Validation EmployeetaskID EmployeeID OrderID 2. 2. 4 Form Design There will be 4 forms for data entry frmCustomerMain a form with a sub-form, used to input customer details and the services they require in the next week (Source tblCustomer for the main form, tblOrders for the sub-form) frmservices a form to add and edit the details of each service (Source tblservices) frmPayment a form to enter customer payments (Source qryCustomerPayments).2. 2. 5 doubtfulness Summary 2. 2. 6 Document Summary 2. 2. 7 Macro Summary 2. 3 Templates 2. 4 Data entry and Validation 2. 5 Macros 2. 6 Security and Disaster Recovery The computers that will hold the program will be kept at the Hopkins house, so security and procedures for disaster recovery will be necessary due to the alternative uses of the computer by other members of the family, e. g. lei sure as shooting. The database itself will be password defend with a password chosen by Mr and Mrs Hopkins, therefore restricting access to the system to only staff that are allowed to.Castle Couriers currently operates its own method of disaster recovery every night all company related files and folders are backed up onto a 100mb Zip Disk and stored in a fire proof safe within the house. So therefore any damage to the computer, such as theft or fire, will only mean a certain level of inconvenience and expense, not a loss of data. 2. 7 IT tasks 1/ Create new workbook 2/ Create tables (i) tblCustomer (ii) tblServices (iii) tblOrders (iv) tblPayments (v) tblEmployees (vi) tblEmployeesAndTasks -Cr eate queries -Create macros -Create reports and link them to tables and queries.-Create captivating user interface 2. 8 Schedule of Activities Activity Schedule for I. T. Task Implementation IT task Time necessary for completion Week Completed at school or home 2. 9 2. 10 Test Strategy The functions and macros in the program will all be tested under varying circumstances so that I can canvass whether they will perform correctly under the conditions in which they will be used. This will hopefully allow me to iron out any defects within the program before it will be passed onto Mr and Mrs Hopkins to implement. Functional exam Each menu will be thoroughly tested.Each button and item inside the menu will be tested to make sure that no problems have occurred. Each button must be checked to make sure that the hold in it is assigned to works. Logical Testing This type of test is used to test every aspect of each form, table, query or report as soon as it has been implemented. Data wil l be inserted that is valid, handicap and extreme. Sufficient data will be inserted so that each table has at least one row of information. This will test to see if the different masks that have been used are correct or the different data types are correct.Subsequent data will continue throughout the test to make sure that the data is correct. System Testing When the system is complete, the whole range of tests will be repeated. This will ensure that no further problems have arisen. Recovery Testing The computer will be rebooted during procedures to see if data becomes corrupt or lost. If problems are found they can be corrected Acceptance Testing The end-user will be involved at this stage, they must test every aspect of the system to see if it fulfils the requirements that were set in the analysis section.They will be asked to check if each menu is correctly headed, if the system functions correctly and if it is user friendly. Any faults found at this stage can be corrected befor e the final version is passed on.